Neodymium magnets are actually composed of neodymium, iron and boron (they are also referred to as NIB or NdFeB magnets).  The powdered mixture is pressed under great pressure into molds.  The material is then sintered (heated under a vacuum), cooled, and then ground or sliced into the desired shape.  Coatings are then applied if required.  Finally, the blank magnets are magnetized by exposing them to a very powerful magnetic field in excess of 30 KOe.

Gaussmeters are used to measure the magnetic field density at the surface of the magnet. This is referred to as the surface field and is measured in Gauss (or Tesla).  Pull Force Testers are used to test the holding force of a magnet that is in contact with a flat steel plate. Pull forces are measured in pounds (or kilograms).

Because pull force values are tested under laboratory conditions, you probably won’t achieve the same holding force under real world conditions. The effective pull force is reduced by uneven contact with the metal surface, pulling in a direction that is not perpendicular to the steel, attaching to metal that is thinner than ideal, surface coatings, and other factors.

You definitely cannot solder or weld to neodymium magnets. The heat will demagnetize the magnet and could cause it to catch fire posing a safety risk.

Neodymium (more precisely Neodymium-Iron-Boron) magnets are the strongest permanent magnets in the world.

No, both poles are equally strong.

Neodymium magnets are a member of the rare earth magnet family. They are called “rare earth” because neodymium is a member of the “rare earth” elements on the periodic table. Neodymium magnets are the strongest of the rare earth magnets and are the strongest permanent magnets in the world.